Using Java API for XML validation of a document

An XML Schema defines how an instance of an XML document should look like. Most of the XML documents that are created are usually validated against a particular schema so that the XML document conforms to the standards needed before it is processed.

This ensures that the XML document does not contain any irrelevant element that might hinder the processing of the XML document.

The package javax.xml.validation contains all the classes needed for validating an XML document against a schema. The other imports that might be needed to validate an XML document are given below.

import java.io.*;
import javax.xml.transform.Source;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;

Now the first step is to create a new document object and load the XML file into it. For this you will be using DocumentBuilderFactory and the DocumentBuilder objects. Create an instance of a SchemaFactory object.

Then create a StreamSource for loading the Schema file into it. Now the next step is to create a Schema object and use the SchemaFactory's newSchema() method to load the schema into it.

Now for doing the validation you have to create a Validator object and link that to the Schema. Now use the validate() method of the validator object and load the XML source for validation against the particular schema.

Working examples for using the above methods are available in plenty in the internet.

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